Cities are often several degrees warmer than surrounding rural areas, a phenomenon known as the urban heat island effect. This temperature difference is primarily caused by the materials used in urban environments. Surfaces like asphalt, concrete, and dark rooftops absorb and hold more solar energy than natural landscapes such as forests and fields. During the day, these materials become very hot, and at night, they release this stored heat slowly, keeping the city warm. The consequences of this effect are significant. Higher temperatures in cities lead to increased demand for air conditioning, which consumes more electricity. This can also worsen air quality and present health risks, particularly for vulnerable populations. However, cities can take steps to mitigate this problem. Strategies include planting more trees, creating green roofs with vegetation, and using light-colored, reflective materials for buildings and roads. These actions can help to cool urban environments and make them more sustainable.