The urban heat island (UHI) effect is a well-documented phenomenon where metropolitan areas experience significantly higher temperatures than their surrounding rural environments. This temperature difference is most pronounced after sunset when heat stored during the day is released. Several factors contribute to the creation of UHIs. Firstly, the materials used in urban construction, such as asphalt and dark roofing, absorb and retain more solar radiation compared to natural landscapes. Secondly, the geometric structure of cities, characterized by tall buildings creating "urban canyons," reduces airflow and traps heat. Furthermore, the lack of vegetation in cities limits the natural cooling process of evapotranspiration. Water runoff is increased by impermeable surfaces like concrete, preventing soil moisture from providing an evaporative cooling effect. Another critical factor is the release of anthropogenic heat from sources like vehicles, air conditioning units, and industrial processes. The consequences of the UHI effect are substantial, including increased energy consumption for cooling, which can exacerbate air pollution. Moreover, elevated temperatures pose considerable health risks, particularly to vulnerable populations such as the elderly and those with pre-existing health conditions. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for developing effective mitigation strategies.